Thales of Miletus
624 BC
Pythagoras
570 BC
Pythagoras was a pagan who believed in reincarnation and occult numerology.
Heraclitus
540 BC
赫拉克利特平日避免和女人接触，在他的作品中也只是提到，女人始终处于和男人的斗争之中。这是很多斗争中的一个。世界就是在这样一些斗争中产生的。
River analogy
Upon those who step into the same rivers, different and ever different waters flow down.
Socrates
470 BC
Democritus
460 BC
Plato
423 BC
The punishment which the wise suffer who refuse to take part in the government, is to live under the government of worse men.
Diogenes
412 BC
有一次第欧根尼正在晒太阳，这时亚历山大大帝前来拜访他，问他需要什么，并保证会兑现他的愿望。第欧根尼回答道：“我希望你闪到一边去，不要遮住我的阳光。”
- Diogenes Searching for an Honest Man
Epicurus
341 BC
Machiavelli
1469-1527
Francis Bacon
1561-1626
Hugo Grotius
1583-1645
Thomas Hobbes
1588-1679
René Descartes
1596-1650
John Locke
1632-1704
Baruch Spinoza
1632-1677
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
1646-1716
baroque wig
Montesquieu
1689-1755
David Hume
1711-1776
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
1712-1778
on 24 October 1776, as he was walking on a narrow street in Paris a nobleman’s carriage came rushing by from the opposite direction; flanking the carriage was a galloping Great Dane belonging to the nobleman. Rousseau was unable to dodge both the carriage and the dog, and was knocked down by the Great Dane. He seems to have suffered a concussion and neurological damage.
作品列表
- Discourse on the Origin of Inequality (1755)
- Julie, or the New Heloise (1761)
- Emile, or On Education (1762)
- The Social Contract (1762)
- Confessions (1782)
Immanuel Kant
1724-1804
- it was said that neighbors would set their clocks by his daily walks.
- 从未离开居住地
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
1770-1831
Arthur Schopenhauer
1788-1860
Herbert Spencer
1820-1903
Friedrich Nietzsche
1844-1900
- ethics and criticism of religion
- 虚无主义，个人主义，非国家主义，贵族无政府主义（aristocratic anarchism），民众是粗制滥造的下等人，否认同情心，痛骂妇女，景仰军人
- 1869年移居瑞士的巴塞尔后，他应自己的要求成为无国籍人。
- 1879年，他因健康原因辞去教职。
- 1889年起，他患有越来越多的精神障碍
作品列表
- 查拉图斯特拉如是说
- 善恶的彼岸
- 道德谱系学
Ludwig Wittgenstein
1889-1951
- 1950年，从美国返回伦敦后，维特根斯坦被诊断为前列腺癌，并已扩散至骨髓。
Bertrand Russell
作品列表
- A History of Western Philosophy (1945)
Henri Bergson
1859-1941